轉自 新華社北京6月24日電
中共中央國務院關于全面加強生態環境保護堅決打好污染防治攻堅戰的意見
（2018年6月16日）
良好生態環境(jing)是實現(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華民族永續(xu)發展的內在要求，是增(zeng)進民生福祉(zhi)的優先領域。為深(shen)入學習貫(guan)徹習近(jin)平(ping)新時代中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色社會(hui)主義思想(xiang)和黨的十(shi)九大精神(shen)，決勝(sheng)全面建成小康社會(hui)，全面加強生態環境(jing)保護(hu)，打好污染防治攻堅戰(zhan)，提升生態文明，建設美麗(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國，現(xian)提出如下意見。
一、深刻認識生態環境保護面臨的形勢
黨(dang)的(de)(de)十八大(da)以來，以習(xi)近平同(tong)志為核心(xin)的(de)(de)黨(dang)中(zhong)央把生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)作為統籌推(tui)(tui)進“五位一(yi)體”總體布局和(he)(he)(he)協調推(tui)(tui)進“四個全(quan)(quan)面(mian)”戰略布局的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)內容，謀劃開(kai)展了一(yi)系(xi)列(lie)根本性(xing)(xing)、長(chang)遠性(xing)(xing)、開(kai)創(chuang)性(xing)(xing)工作，推(tui)(tui)動生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護從(cong)實踐到認識發生(sheng)了歷史性(xing)(xing)、轉折性(xing)(xing)、全(quan)(quan)局性(xing)(xing)變化。各地區各部門認真貫徹落實黨(dang)中(zhong)央、國務院決策部署，生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護制度體系(xi)加快(kuai)形(xing)成，全(quan)(quan)面(mian)節約資源有效(xiao)推(tui)(tui)進，大(da)氣、水(shui)、土壤污染防治行(xing)動計(ji)劃深入實施(shi)，生(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統保(bao)護和(he)(he)(he)修復(fu)重大(da)工程進展順(shun)利，核與(yu)輻(fu)射安全(quan)(quan)得到有效(xiao)保(bao)障，生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)成效(xiao)顯著，美麗中(zhong)國建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)邁出重要(yao)(yao)步伐，我國成為全(quan)(quan)球生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)參(can)與(yu)者(zhe)、貢獻者(zhe)、引(yin)領(ling)者(zhe)。
同(tong)時，我(wo)國生態(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)建設和生態(tai)(tai)環境(jing)保護(hu)面(mian)臨不(bu)少困難和挑(tiao)戰，存在許多(duo)不(bu)足。一些(xie)地方和部門對(dui)生態(tai)(tai)環境(jing)保護(hu)認識不(bu)到位(wei)，責任(ren)落實不(bu)到位(wei)；經濟(ji)社會(hui)(hui)發展同(tong)生態(tai)(tai)環境(jing)保護(hu)的矛盾仍然突出(chu)，資(zi)源環境(jing)承載能力已(yi)經達到或接近上限；城鄉區(qu)域(yu)統籌不(bu)夠，新老環境(jing)問題(ti)交(jiao)織，區(qu)域(yu)性、布(bu)局性、結構性環境(jing)風險凸顯，重污(wu)染天氣(qi)、黑臭水體、垃圾圍城、生態(tai)(tai)破(po)壞等問題(ti)時有發生。這些(xie)問題(ti)，成(cheng)為重要的民生之(zhi)患、民心之(zhi)痛，成(cheng)為經濟(ji)社會(hui)(hui)可(ke)持續(xu)發展的瓶頸制約，成(cheng)為全面(mian)建成(cheng)小康社會(hui)(hui)的明(ming)顯短板。
進入新(xin)時(shi)代，解(jie)決(jue)人(ren)民日(ri)益增長(chang)的(de)(de)美(mei)好生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)需(xu)要(yao)和不(bu)平衡不(bu)充分的(de)(de)發展(zhan)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)矛盾對生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)保護提(ti)(ti)出許多新(xin)要(yao)求。當前，生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建(jian)設正處于壓力疊加(jia)、負重(zhong)前行的(de)(de)關(guan)鍵期，已(yi)進入提(ti)(ti)供更多優(you)質生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)產品以滿足人(ren)民日(ri)益增長(chang)的(de)(de)優(you)美(mei)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)需(xu)要(yao)的(de)(de)攻(gong)堅(jian)期，也到了有(you)條件有(you)能力解(jie)決(jue)突出生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境(jing)(jing)問題(ti)的(de)(de)窗(chuang)口(kou)期。必須加(jia)大(da)力度、加(jia)快(kuai)治理、加(jia)緊攻(gong)堅(jian)，打好標志性的(de)(de)重(zhong)大(da)戰役，為人(ren)民創造良好生(sheng)(sheng)產生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)環境(jing)(jing)。
二、深入貫徹習近平生態文明思想
習近平總書記(ji)傳承(cheng)中華民(min)族(zu)(zu)傳統文化、順應時(shi)代潮流和人民(min)意愿(yuan)，站在(zai)堅(jian)持和發展中國特(te)色社會主義、實現(xian)中華民(min)族(zu)(zu)偉(wei)大復興中國夢的戰(zhan)略(lve)高(gao)度，深刻(ke)回答了為(wei)什么建(jian)設(she)生態文明、建(jian)設(she)什么樣(yang)的生態文明、怎樣(yang)建(jian)設(she)生態文明等重大理論(lun)和實踐問(wen)題，系統形(xing)成了習近平生態文明思(si)想，有力指導生態文明建(jian)設(she)和生態環境保護取得歷史(shi)性(xing)成就、發生歷史(shi)性(xing)變(bian)革。
堅持生態興(xing)則文明(ming)興(xing)。建設生態文明(ming)是關系中(zhong)華(hua)民族(zu)永續發展的根本大計，功在當代(dai)、利在千秋，關系人(ren)民福祉，關乎民族(zu)未來。
堅持(chi)人與(yu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)和諧共(gong)生。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)就(jiu)(jiu)是保(bao)(bao)護(hu)人類，建設生態文明就(jiu)(jiu)是造福人類。必須(xu)尊(zun)重自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)、順應自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)、保(bao)(bao)護(hu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)，像(xiang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)眼睛一樣保(bao)(bao)護(hu)生態環(huan)境(jing)，像(xiang)對待生命一樣對待生態環(huan)境(jing)，推(tui)動(dong)形成人與(yu)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)和諧發展現代化建設新(xin)格局(ju)，還自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)以寧(ning)靜、和諧、美(mei)麗。
堅(jian)持綠(lv)水青山就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)金山銀(yin)山。綠(lv)水青山既(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)自然財(cai)(cai)富(fu)、生(sheng)(sheng)態財(cai)(cai)富(fu)，又是(shi)(shi)(shi)社會財(cai)(cai)富(fu)、經濟財(cai)(cai)富(fu)。保護生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)保護生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)力(li)，改善生(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)發展(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)力(li)。必須堅(jian)持和(he)貫徹綠(lv)色(se)發展(zhan)理(li)念，平衡和(he)處理(li)好發展(zhan)與保護的關系(xi)，推動形成(cheng)綠(lv)色(se)發展(zhan)方(fang)式和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)活方(fang)式，堅(jian)定不移走生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)發展(zhan)、生(sheng)(sheng)活富(fu)裕、生(sheng)(sheng)態良(liang)好的文明發展(zhan)道路(lu)。
堅(jian)持良好生(sheng)態環境(jing)(jing)是最普惠的(de)民生(sheng)福祉。生(sheng)態文明(ming)建設同每(mei)個人(ren)息息相關。環境(jing)(jing)就(jiu)是民生(sheng)，青山(shan)就(jiu)是美麗(li)，藍天也是幸福。必須堅(jian)持以人(ren)民為中(zhong)心，重點解決損(sun)害(hai)群眾健(jian)康的(de)突出(chu)環境(jing)(jing)問題，提(ti)供(gong)更多優質生(sheng)態產品。
堅持山(shan)水林田湖草是生(sheng)命共同(tong)體(ti)(ti)。生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)是統一的有機整體(ti)(ti)。必須(xu)按照系統工程(cheng)的思路，構建生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)理體(ti)(ti)系，著(zhu)力(li)擴大(da)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)容量和生(sheng)態空間，全方位、全地域(yu)、全過(guo)程(cheng)開(kai)展生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護。
堅持用最嚴格(ge)制(zhi)(zhi)度最嚴密(mi)法治(zhi)保(bao)護生(sheng)態環境。保(bao)護生(sheng)態環境必須依靠制(zhi)(zhi)度、依靠法治(zhi)。必須構(gou)建(jian)產權清晰(xi)、多元參與、激勵約束(shu)并重、系(xi)統完整的生(sheng)態文明(ming)制(zhi)(zhi)度體系(xi)，讓制(zhi)(zhi)度成(cheng)為剛(gang)性(xing)約束(shu)和不(bu)可觸碰(peng)的高壓線。
堅持建(jian)設(she)美(mei)麗(li)中國全民行動(dong)。美(mei)麗(li)中國是人民群眾共(gong)同參與共(gong)同建(jian)設(she)共(gong)同享有的事業(ye)。必(bi)須加強生態(tai)文明(ming)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)教育，牢(lao)固樹立生態(tai)文明(ming)價值觀念和行為準則，把建(jian)設(she)美(mei)麗(li)中國化(hua)為全民自覺行動(dong)。
堅持共(gong)謀全球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明建(jian)設。生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明建(jian)設是構(gou)建(jian)人類(lei)命(ming)運(yun)共(gong)同體的(de)重要(yao)內容。必須同舟共(gong)濟(ji)、共(gong)同努力，構(gou)筑尊(zun)崇自然、綠色(se)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)體系，推動全球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境治理，建(jian)設清潔美麗世界。
習近平生(sheng)態文明思想為推進美麗(li)中(zhong)國(guo)建設(she)、實(shi)現人與(yu)自然和諧(xie)共生(sheng)的現代化提供了方(fang)向指引(yin)和根(gen)本遵循(xun)，必須用以武裝頭腦、指導實(shi)踐、推動工(gong)作。要教育廣大干部增強“四個意識(shi)”，樹立正確政績觀，把生(sheng)態文明建設(she)重(zhong)(zhong)大部署和重(zhong)(zhong)要任務落到(dao)實(shi)處(chu)，讓良(liang)好生(sheng)態環境成為人民幸福生(sheng)活的增長點、成為經(jing)濟社(she)會(hui)持續健康(kang)發展的支撐點、成為展現我國(guo)良(liang)好形象的發力點。
三、全面加強黨對生態環境保護的領導
加強(qiang)生態環境保護(hu)(hu)、堅決(jue)(jue)打好污染防治攻堅戰是黨(dang)(dang)和國家的重(zhong)(zhong)大決(jue)(jue)策(ce)部署(shu)，各(ge)級(ji)黨(dang)(dang)委和政(zheng)府要強(qiang)化對生態文(wen)明建設和生態環境保護(hu)(hu)的總(zong)體設計(ji)和組織領(ling)導(dao)(dao)，統(tong)籌協調處理重(zhong)(zhong)大問(wen)題，指導(dao)(dao)、推動(dong)、督促(cu)各(ge)地(di)區各(ge)部門落實黨(dang)(dang)中央(yang)、國務(wu)院重(zhong)(zhong)大政(zheng)策(ce)措(cuo)施。
（一）落實(shi)黨(dang)政(zheng)(zheng)主體責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)。落實(shi)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)干部(bu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建(jian)設(she)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)制(zhi)(zhi)，嚴格實(shi)行黨(dang)政(zheng)(zheng)同責(ze)(ze)(ze)、一崗雙責(ze)(ze)(ze)。地(di)(di)方各(ge)(ge)級黨(dang)委和(he)政(zheng)(zheng)府必須堅決扛(kang)起(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明建(jian)設(she)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)政(zheng)(zheng)治責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)，對本行政(zheng)(zheng)區域(yu)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)工作(zuo)及生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)負總責(ze)(ze)(ze)，主要負責(ze)(ze)(ze)人是本行政(zheng)(zheng)區域(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)第一責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)人，至少每(mei)季度(du)研究一次生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)工作(zuo)，其他有(you)關(guan)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)成(cheng)員在職(zhi)責(ze)(ze)(ze)范圍內承擔相(xiang)應責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)。各(ge)(ge)地(di)(di)要制(zhi)(zhi)定責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)清單，把任(ren)務(wu)分解落實(shi)到有(you)關(guan)部(bu)門(men)。抓(zhua)緊出臺中(zhong)央(yang)和(he)國(guo)家機關(guan)相(xiang)關(guan)部(bu)門(men)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)清單。各(ge)(ge)相(xiang)關(guan)部(bu)門(men)要履行好生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)職(zhi)責(ze)(ze)(ze)，制(zhi)(zhi)定生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護(hu)年(nian)度(du)工作(zuo)計劃和(he)措施。各(ge)(ge)地(di)(di)區各(ge)(ge)部(bu)門(men)落實(shi)情況每(mei)年(nian)向黨(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)、國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)報告。
健全環(huan)(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)督(du)察機制。完善(shan)中央和省級環(huan)(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)督(du)察體系，制定環(huan)(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)督(du)察工(gong)作規定，以解決突出生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)境問(wen)題、改善(shan)生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)境質量、推動高(gao)質量發展(zhan)為重點(dian)，夯實生(sheng)態文明建(jian)設和生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)政治(zhi)責(ze)任，推動環(huan)(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)督(du)察向縱深發展(zhan)。完善(shan)督(du)查、交辦、巡查、約談(tan)、專項督(du)察機制，開展(zhan)重點(dian)區域、重點(dian)領域、重點(dian)行業專項督(du)察。
（二）強(qiang)化考(kao)核問責。制(zhi)定(ding)對省（自(zi)治區、直(zhi)轄市）黨委、人大、政府以及(ji)中央和(he)國家機(ji)關(guan)(guan)有關(guan)(guan)部門(men)污染防治攻堅戰成效(xiao)考(kao)核辦法，對生態環(huan)境保護(hu)立法執法情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)、年度工作目(mu)標任務完成情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)、生態環(huan)境質(zhi)量狀況(kuang)、資(zi)(zi)金投入使用情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)、公(gong)眾滿意程度等相關(guan)(guan)方面(mian)開展(zhan)考(kao)核。各地(di)參(can)照制(zhi)定(ding)考(kao)核實(shi)施細則。開展(zhan)領(ling)導干部自(zi)然資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)離任審計。考(kao)核結(jie)果作為領(ling)導班子和(he)領(ling)導干部綜合考(kao)核評(ping)價、獎懲(cheng)任免(mian)的重要(yao)依據(ju)。
嚴格責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)追究。對省（自(zi)治區、直(zhi)轄(xia)市）黨(dang)(dang)委和(he)政府以及負有生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)保護(hu)(hu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)央和(he)國家機(ji)關(guan)有關(guan)部(bu)門貫徹落實(shi)黨(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央、國務(wu)院決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)部(bu)署不(bu)堅決(jue)(jue)(jue)不(bu)徹底、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文明(ming)建設和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)保護(hu)(hu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)制執行(xing)不(bu)到位、污(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治攻堅任(ren)(ren)務(wu)完成嚴重(zhong)滯(zhi)后(hou)、區域生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)問題突(tu)出(chu)的(de)，約(yue)談主要負責(ze)(ze)(ze)人(ren)，同時責(ze)(ze)(ze)成其向黨(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央、國務(wu)院作出(chu)深刻檢查。對年(nian)度目標任(ren)(ren)務(wu)未完成、考核不(bu)合格的(de)市、縣，黨(dang)(dang)政主要負責(ze)(ze)(ze)人(ren)和(he)相關(guan)領導班子(zi)成員不(bu)得(de)(de)評優評先。對在生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)方面造成嚴重(zhong)破壞負有責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)的(de)干部(bu)，不(bu)得(de)(de)提拔(ba)使(shi)用(yong)或者轉任(ren)(ren)重(zhong)要職務(wu)。對不(bu)顧生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)盲(mang)目決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)、違(wei)法違(wei)規審批開發(fa)利(li)用(yong)規劃和(he)建設項目的(de)，對造成生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)質量惡化、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)嚴重(zhong)破壞的(de)，對生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)事(shi)件多發(fa)高(gao)發(fa)、應對不(bu)力、群(qun)眾(zhong)反映強烈的(de)，對生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環境(jing)保護(hu)(hu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)沒有落實(shi)、推諉扯皮、沒有完成工作任(ren)(ren)務(wu)的(de)，依紀依法嚴格問責(ze)(ze)(ze)、終(zhong)身追責(ze)(ze)(ze)。
四、總體目標和基本原則
（一）總體目標。到2020年，生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境質量(liang)總體改善，主要污染物排放總量(liang)大幅減(jian)少(shao)，環(huan)境風險得到有效管控(kong)，生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境保護水平同全面建成小(xiao)康(kang)社會(hui)目標相適應。
具體(ti)指標(biao)：全國(guo)細顆(ke)粒物（PM2.5）未達(da)(da)標(biao)地級及以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)城市(shi)濃(nong)度比(bi)(bi)2015年下降18%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)，地級及以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)城市(shi)空氣質量(liang)(liang)優(you)良天數比(bi)(bi)率達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)80%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)；全國(guo)地表水Ⅰ-Ⅲ類(lei)水體(ti)比(bi)(bi)例達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)70%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)，劣Ⅴ類(lei)水體(ti)比(bi)(bi)例控制在5%以(yi)(yi)(yi)內；近岸海域水質優(you)良（一、二(er)類(lei)）比(bi)(bi)例達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)70%左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)；二(er)氧(yang)化硫、氮氧(yang)化物排放(fang)量(liang)(liang)比(bi)(bi)2015年減(jian)少15%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)，化學需氧(yang)量(liang)(liang)、氨氮排放(fang)量(liang)(liang)減(jian)少10%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)；受污染耕(geng)地安全利(li)用率達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)90%左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)，污染地塊安全利(li)用率達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)90%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)；生態保(bao)護紅線面積占(zhan)比(bi)(bi)達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)25%左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)；森林覆蓋率達(da)(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)23.04%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)。
通過加快(kuai)構(gou)建(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態文(wen)(wen)明體(ti)系(xi)，確保(bao)到2035年節約資源和保(bao)護生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境的空間格局、產(chan)業(ye)結構(gou)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)方式(shi)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)方式(shi)總體(ti)形成，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境質(zhi)量實(shi)(shi)現(xian)根本好轉(zhuan)，美(mei)麗中(zhong)國目標(biao)基本實(shi)(shi)現(xian)。到本世紀中(zhong)葉，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態文(wen)(wen)明全面提升，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境領域國家治(zhi)理(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)和治(zhi)理(li)(li)能力現(xian)代化。
（二）基本原則
——堅(jian)持保護(hu)優先。落實生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保護(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)、環(huan)境質量底線(xian)、資源(yuan)利(li)用上線(xian)硬約束，深化供(gong)給側(ce)結構性(xing)改革，推動(dong)形成(cheng)綠色發展方式和生(sheng)(sheng)活方式，堅(jian)定不(bu)移走(zou)生(sheng)(sheng)產發展、生(sheng)(sheng)活富裕、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)良好的文(wen)明發展道路。
——強化問(wen)題導向。以改善生態環境(jing)質量為核心，針對流域、區域、行(xing)業(ye)特點，聚(ju)焦(jiao)問(wen)題、分類施(shi)策、精準發力，不斷取得(de)新成效，讓人民群眾有更多獲得(de)感。
——突(tu)出改(gai)革創新。深化(hua)生態環(huan)境保(bao)護體(ti)(ti)制機(ji)制改(gai)革，統(tong)籌兼顧(gu)、系統(tong)謀劃，強(qiang)化(hua)協(xie)調、整合(he)力(li)量，區域協(xie)作、條塊結合(he)，嚴格環(huan)境標準，完善經濟政策，增(zeng)強(qiang)科技支撐和能力(li)保(bao)障(zhang)，提升生態環(huan)境治理的(de)系統(tong)性、整體(ti)(ti)性、協(xie)同(tong)性。
——注重依(yi)法監(jian)管。完(wan)善(shan)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保護法律法規體(ti)系(xi)，健全生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保護行政(zheng)執法和刑事(shi)司法銜(xian)接(jie)機制，依(yi)法嚴懲(cheng)重罰生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)違法犯罪行為。
——推(tui)進全民共(gong)(gong)治。政府、企業、公(gong)眾(zhong)各盡其責、共(gong)(gong)同(tong)發(fa)力，政府積(ji)極發(fa)揮主導(dao)作用(yong)，企業主動承擔環境治理(li)主體(ti)責任，公(gong)眾(zhong)自覺踐行綠色生活。
五、推動形成綠色發展方式和生活方式
堅持(chi)節(jie)約(yue)優先，加強源(yuan)頭管控，轉變發展方式，培(pei)育壯大新(xin)興產業(ye)(ye)，推(tui)動傳統產業(ye)(ye)智能(neng)(neng)化、清潔(jie)化改造，加快發展節(jie)能(neng)(neng)環保(bao)產業(ye)(ye)，全面(mian)節(jie)約(yue)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)，協同推(tui)動經(jing)濟高質(zhi)量發展和生態環境高水平保(bao)護。
（一）促進(jin)經濟綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低碳循(xun)環(huan)發展。對(dui)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)區(qu)域(yu)、重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)流(liu)域(yu)、重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)布局開展規劃(hua)環(huan)評(ping)，調整優化(hua)(hua)(hua)不符合(he)生態環(huan)境功(gong)能(neng)(neng)定(ding)位(wei)的(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)布局、規模(mo)和(he)結構。嚴(yan)格控制(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)流(liu)域(yu)、重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)區(qu)域(yu)環(huan)境風險(xian)項目(mu)。對(dui)國家(jia)級新(xin)(xin)區(qu)、工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)園區(qu)、高新(xin)(xin)區(qu)等(deng)進(jin)行(xing)集中(zhong)整治，限期進(jin)行(xing)達標(biao)改(gai)造(zao)。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)建(jian)成(cheng)區(qu)、重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)流(liu)域(yu)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)污染企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)危險(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)品(pin)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)搬遷改(gai)造(zao)，2018年年底前(qian)，相關城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)府就此制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)專(zhuan)項計(ji)劃(hua)并向(xiang)社會(hui)公開。促進(jin)傳統產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)優化(hua)(hua)(hua)升級，構建(jian)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)體(ti)系。繼(ji)續(xu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)解(jie)(jie)過剩產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)，嚴(yan)禁(jin)鋼鐵(tie)、水(shui)泥(ni)、電(dian)解(jie)(jie)鋁、平(ping)板玻(bo)璃等(deng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)新(xin)(xin)增產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)，對(dui)確有(you)必要新(xin)(xin)建(jian)的(de)必須實施等(deng)量(liang)或減量(liang)置換。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)推(tui)進(jin)危險(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)品(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)搬遷改(gai)造(zao)工(gong)程。提高污染排放標(biao)準，加(jia)(jia)大(da)鋼鐵(tie)等(deng)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)落(luo)后產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)淘汰力(li)度(du)，鼓勵各地制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)范圍更(geng)廣(guang)、標(biao)準更(geng)嚴(yan)的(de)落(luo)后產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)淘汰政(zheng)策。構建(jian)市(shi)(shi)場導(dao)向(xiang)的(de)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)技(ji)術創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)體(ti)系，強化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)全生命周期綠(lv)(lv)色(se)管(guan)理。大(da)力(li)發展節能(neng)(neng)環(huan)保產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、清(qing)(qing)潔生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、清(qing)(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，加(jia)(jia)強科技(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)引領，著力(li)引導(dao)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)消費，大(da)力(li)提高節能(neng)(neng)、環(huan)保、資源(yuan)循(xun)環(huan)利用(yong)等(deng)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)術裝(zhuang)備水(shui)平(ping)，培育發展一批骨(gu)干企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大(da)力(li)發展節能(neng)(neng)和(he)環(huan)境服(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，推(tui)行(xing)合(he)同能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)管(guan)理、合(he)同節水(shui)管(guan)理，積極探(tan)索區(qu)域(yu)環(huan)境托(tuo)管(guan)服(fu)務(wu)等(deng)新(xin)(xin)模(mo)式。鼓勵新(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)態發展和(he)模(mo)式創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)。在能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)、冶金、建(jian)材、有(you)色(se)、化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)、電(dian)鍍、造(zao)紙、印染、農副食品(pin)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)等(deng)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，全面推(tui)進(jin)清(qing)(qing)潔生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)改(gai)造(zao)或清(qing)(qing)潔化(hua)(hua)(hua)改(gai)造(zao)。
（二）推(tui)進能源資源全面節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)。強化能源和(he)水資源消耗(hao)(hao)、建(jian)設(she)用地(di)等(deng)總(zong)量(liang)和(he)強度(du)雙控行動(dong)(dong)，實行最嚴格的(de)耕地(di)保(bao)護、節(jie)(jie)(jie)約(yue)(yue)用地(di)和(he)水資源管理(li)制度(du)。實施國家(jia)節(jie)(jie)(jie)水行動(dong)(dong)，完(wan)善水價形(xing)成(cheng)機制，推(tui)進節(jie)(jie)(jie)水型(xing)社(she)會(hui)和(he)節(jie)(jie)(jie)水型(xing)城市(shi)建(jian)設(she)，到2020年(nian)，全國用水總(zong)量(liang)控制在6700億(yi)立方米(mi)以內。健(jian)全節(jie)(jie)(jie)能、節(jie)(jie)(jie)水、節(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)、節(jie)(jie)(jie)材(cai)、節(jie)(jie)(jie)礦(kuang)標(biao)準體系，大幅(fu)降(jiang)低(di)重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)行業(ye)和(he)企業(ye)能耗(hao)(hao)、物(wu)耗(hao)(hao)，推(tui)行生產者責任延(yan)伸制度(du)，實現(xian)生產系統和(he)生活(huo)系統循環鏈接。鼓勵新建(jian)建(jian)筑采(cai)用綠色建(jian)材(cai)，大力發展裝配式建(jian)筑，提高新建(jian)綠色建(jian)筑比例。以北(bei)方采(cai)暖(nuan)地(di)區(qu)為重(zhong)點(dian)(dian)，推(tui)進既有(you)居住建(jian)筑節(jie)(jie)(jie)能改造。積(ji)極應對氣(qi)候變(bian)化，采(cai)取有(you)力措(cuo)施確保(bao)完(wan)成(cheng)2020年(nian)控制溫室氣(qi)體排放行動(dong)(dong)目標(biao)。扎實推(tui)進全國碳(tan)排放權交(jiao)易市(shi)場建(jian)設(she)，統籌深化低(di)碳(tan)試點(dian)(dian)。
（三）引導公眾(zhong)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)生活(huo)。加(jia)強(qiang)生態文明宣傳教(jiao)育，倡導簡約(yue)適度、綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)低碳(tan)的生活(huo)方式，反對奢侈浪費(fei)(fei)和不合(he)理(li)消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)。開展創建綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)家庭、綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)學校(xiao)、綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)社區、綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)商場(chang)、綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)餐館等行動。推(tui)行綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)，出(chu)臺快遞業(ye)、共享(xiang)經(jing)濟等新業(ye)態的規范(fan)標(biao)準，推(tui)廣環境(jing)標(biao)志產品、有(you)機產品等綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)產品。提倡綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)居住(zhu)，節約(yue)用(yong)水(shui)用(yong)電，合(he)理(li)控制夏季空調和冬(dong)季取暖室內(nei)溫(wen)度。大力發展公共交通(tong)，鼓勵自行車、步行等綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)出(chu)行。
六、堅決打贏藍天保衛戰
編制實施打贏藍天(tian)保衛戰三年作戰計劃，以京(jing)津(jin)冀(ji)及周(zhou)邊(bian)、長三角、汾渭平原(yuan)等(deng)重(zhong)點區域為主(zhu)戰場，調整優(you)化產(chan)業(ye)結構(gou)(gou)(gou)、能源(yuan)結構(gou)(gou)(gou)、運輸結構(gou)(gou)(gou)、用地結構(gou)(gou)(gou)，強(qiang)化區域聯防聯控和重(zhong)污染天(tian)氣應(ying)對，進一步明(ming)顯降低(di)PM2.5濃度(du)，明(ming)顯減少(shao)重(zhong)污染天(tian)數，明(ming)顯改善大氣環(huan)境質量，明(ming)顯增(zeng)強(qiang)人(ren)民的藍天(tian)幸福感。
（一(yi)）加(jia)強(qiang)工業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)大(da)氣污(wu)(wu)(wu)染綜合治(zhi)理。全面整治(zhi)“散(san)亂污(wu)(wu)(wu)”企(qi)業(ye)及集群，實(shi)行拉網式排(pai)查和清單式、臺賬式、網格化管理，分類實(shi)施(shi)關(guan)(guan)停(ting)取締、整合搬(ban)遷、整改(gai)提升等措施(shi)，京津(jin)冀及周邊(bian)區(qu)域(yu)(yu)2018年(nian)年(nian)底前完(wan)成，其(qi)他重(zhong)點區(qu)域(yu)(yu)2019年(nian)年(nian)底前完(wan)成。堅(jian)決(jue)關(guan)(guan)停(ting)用地、工商(shang)手續不(bu)全并(bing)難以(yi)(yi)通過(guo)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)達標的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)，限期治(zhi)理可以(yi)(yi)達標改(gai)造(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)，逾期依法一(yi)律關(guan)(guan)停(ting)。強(qiang)化工業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)無組織排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)管理，推(tui)進(jin)揮發(fa)性(xing)有機(ji)物(wu)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)綜合整治(zhi)，開展大(da)氣氨排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)控制(zhi)試(shi)點。到(dao)2020年(nian)，揮發(fa)性(xing)有機(ji)物(wu)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)總量(liang)比2015年(nian)下(xia)降10%以(yi)(yi)上。重(zhong)點區(qu)域(yu)(yu)和大(da)氣污(wu)(wu)(wu)染嚴(yan)重(zhong)城市加(jia)大(da)鋼鐵、鑄(zhu)造(zao)(zao)、煉焦、建材、電解鋁等產能壓減力(li)度，實(shi)施(shi)大(da)氣污(wu)(wu)(wu)染物(wu)特別排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)限值(zhi)。加(jia)大(da)排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)高、污(wu)(wu)(wu)染重(zhong)的(de)(de)煤(mei)電機(ji)組淘汰力(li)度，在重(zhong)點區(qu)域(yu)(yu)加(jia)快推(tui)進(jin)。到(dao)2020年(nian)，具備(bei)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)條件(jian)的(de)(de)燃煤(mei)電廠(chang)全部完(wan)成超低排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)，重(zhong)點區(qu)域(yu)(yu)不(bu)具備(bei)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)條件(jian)的(de)(de)高污(wu)(wu)(wu)染燃煤(mei)電廠(chang)逐(zhu)步關(guan)(guan)停(ting)。推(tui)動鋼鐵等行業(ye)超低排(pai)放(fang)(fang)(fang)改(gai)造(zao)(zao)。
（二）大力推進散(san)煤(mei)治(zhi)理和(he)煤(mei)炭(tan)消(xiao)費減量(liang)替代。增加清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)使用(yong)，拓寬清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)納(na)渠道(dao)，落實(shi)可再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發電(dian)全額保障性收購政策。安(an)全高效(xiao)發展核電(dian)。推動清(qing)潔低碳能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)優(you)先上(shang)網(wang)。加快(kuai)重點(dian)輸電(dian)通道(dao)建設，提(ti)高重點(dian)區(qu)域接受外(wai)輸電(dian)比(bi)例。因地制宜、加快(kuai)實(shi)施北(bei)(bei)方地區(qu)冬季清(qing)潔取暖(nuan)五年規(gui)劃。鼓勵(li)余熱、淺層(ceng)(ceng)地熱能(neng)(neng)等清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)取暖(nuan)。加強煤(mei)層(ceng)(ceng)氣（煤(mei)礦瓦(wa)斯）綜合利用(yong)，實(shi)施生物(wu)天然氣工程。到2020年，京(jing)津冀及(ji)周邊、汾(fen)渭平原的平原地區(qu)基(ji)本完成生活(huo)和(he)冬季取暖(nuan)散(san)煤(mei)替代；北(bei)(bei)京(jing)、天津、河(he)北(bei)(bei)、山東、河(he)南及(ji)珠三角區(qu)域煤(mei)炭(tan)消(xiao)費總量(liang)比(bi)2015年均下降10%左右，上(shang)海、江蘇、浙江、安(an)徽及(ji)汾(fen)渭平原煤(mei)炭(tan)消(xiao)費總量(liang)均下降5%左右；重點(dian)區(qu)域基(ji)本淘汰(tai)每小(xiao)時35蒸噸以下燃煤(mei)鍋爐。推廣清(qing)潔高效(xiao)燃煤(mei)鍋爐。
（三(san)(san)）打好柴(chai)(chai)油(you)貨(huo)車(che)(che)(che)污染(ran)治(zhi)理攻堅戰。以開(kai)展柴(chai)(chai)油(you)貨(huo)車(che)(che)(che)超標(biao)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)專(zhuan)項(xiang)整治(zhi)為抓手，統籌開(kai)展油(you)、路、車(che)(che)(che)治(zhi)理和(he)機(ji)動車(che)(che)(che)船污染(ran)防治(zhi)。嚴厲打擊(ji)生產銷售不(bu)達(da)(da)標(biao)車(che)(che)(che)輛、排(pai)(pai)放(fang)檢驗機(ji)構檢測(ce)弄(nong)虛作假等違法行(xing)為。加快淘汰老舊車(che)(che)(che)，鼓(gu)勵(li)清潔能源(yuan)車(che)(che)(che)輛、船舶(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)推(tui)廣使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。建設“天地車(che)(che)(che)人(ren)”一體化(hua)的(de)(de)機(ji)動車(che)(che)(che)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)監(jian)控(kong)系(xi)統，完善機(ji)動車(che)(che)(che)遙感監(jian)測(ce)網絡。推(tui)進鋼鐵、電(dian)力、電(dian)解鋁、焦化(hua)等重(zhong)點(dian)工業企業和(he)工業園區(qu)貨(huo)物由公路運輸轉向鐵路運輸。顯(xian)著提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)重(zhong)點(dian)區(qu)域大宗貨(huo)物鐵路水(shui)路貨(huo)運比例，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)沿(yan)海港口(kou)集裝箱鐵路集疏港比例。重(zhong)點(dian)區(qu)域提(ti)(ti)前(qian)實施機(ji)動車(che)(che)(che)國(guo)(guo)六排(pai)(pai)放(fang)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，嚴格實施船舶(bo)(bo)和(he)非道路移動機(ji)械(xie)(xie)大氣排(pai)(pai)放(fang)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。鼓(gu)勵(li)淘汰老舊船舶(bo)(bo)、工程機(ji)械(xie)(xie)和(he)農(nong)業機(ji)械(xie)(xie)。落(luo)實珠三(san)(san)角(jiao)、長(chang)三(san)(san)角(jiao)、環渤海京津冀水(shui)域船舶(bo)(bo)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)區(qu)管理政策，全國(guo)(guo)主(zhu)要港口(kou)和(he)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)控(kong)制(zhi)區(qu)內港口(kou)靠港船舶(bo)(bo)率先使(shi)用(yong)(yong)岸(an)電(dian)。到2020年(nian)，長(chang)江干(gan)線、西江航運干(gan)線、京杭運河(he)水(shui)上服務區(qu)和(he)待閘錨地基本具備船舶(bo)(bo)岸(an)電(dian)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應能力。2019年(nian)1月(yue)1日起(qi)，全國(guo)(guo)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應符合國(guo)(guo)六標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)車(che)(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)汽油(you)和(he)車(che)(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)柴(chai)(chai)油(you)，力爭重(zhong)點(dian)區(qu)域提(ti)(ti)前(qian)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應。盡快實現車(che)(che)(che)用(yong)(yong)柴(chai)(chai)油(you)、普通柴(chai)(chai)油(you)和(he)部(bu)分船舶(bo)(bo)用(yong)(yong)油(you)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)并(bing)軌。內河(he)和(he)江海直達(da)(da)船舶(bo)(bo)必須(xu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)硫含量不(bu)大于10毫克/千克的(de)(de)柴(chai)(chai)油(you)。嚴厲打擊(ji)生產、銷售和(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)非標(biao)車(che)(che)(che)（船）用(yong)(yong)燃(ran)料(liao)行(xing)為，徹底清除黑加油(you)站點(dian)。
（四）強化(hua)國土綠(lv)化(hua)和揚塵管控。積(ji)極推進露(lu)天礦山綜合(he)整治(zhi)，加(jia)快環境修復(fu)和綠(lv)化(hua)。開展大(da)規模(mo)國土綠(lv)化(hua)行動(dong)，加(jia)強北方(fang)防沙帶(dai)建設，實(shi)(shi)施(shi)京津(jin)風(feng)沙源治(zhi)理工(gong)(gong)程、重點防護林工(gong)(gong)程，增加(jia)林草覆(fu)蓋率。在(zai)城市(shi)(shi)功能疏(shu)解、更新和調(diao)整中，將騰(teng)退空間優先用于留白增綠(lv)。落實(shi)(shi)城市(shi)(shi)道路和城市(shi)(shi)范圍內施(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)地(di)等揚塵管控。
（五）有(you)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)對重污(wu)(wu)染天(tian)氣(qi)(qi)。強(qiang)化重點區域聯防聯控(kong)聯治，統一預(yu)(yu)警分級標準(zhun)、信息(xi)發布(bu)、應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)響應(ying)(ying)(ying)，提前采取應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)減(jian)排(pai)(pai)措施(shi)，實(shi)施(shi)區域應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)聯動，有(you)效(xiao)降低污(wu)(wu)染程度。完善應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)預(yu)(yu)案，明確政府、部(bu)門及(ji)企業的(de)應(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)(ji)責任，科學確定(ding)重污(wu)(wu)染期間管控(kong)措施(shi)和污(wu)(wu)染源減(jian)排(pai)(pai)清單。指導公眾(zhong)做(zuo)好重污(wu)(wu)染天(tian)氣(qi)(qi)健(jian)康(kang)防護。推進預(yu)(yu)測預(yu)(yu)報(bao)預(yu)(yu)警體系(xi)建(jian)(jian)設，2018年年底前，進一步提升(sheng)國家級空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)預(yu)(yu)報(bao)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，區域預(yu)(yu)報(bao)中心(xin)具(ju)備7至(zhi)10天(tian)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)預(yu)(yu)報(bao)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，省(sheng)級預(yu)(yu)報(bao)中心(xin)具(ju)備7天(tian)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)預(yu)(yu)報(bao)能(neng)(neng)力(li)并精確到(dao)所轄各城(cheng)市(shi)。重點區域采暖季節(jie)，對鋼鐵、焦化、建(jian)(jian)材(cai)、鑄造、電解(jie)鋁、化工(gong)等重點行業企業實(shi)施(shi)錯峰生產。重污(wu)(wu)染期間，對鋼鐵、焦化、有(you)色(se)、電力(li)、化工(gong)等涉及(ji)大(da)宗原材(cai)料及(ji)產品運輸的(de)重點企業實(shi)施(shi)錯峰運輸；強(qiang)化城(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)(jian)設施(shi)工(gong)工(gong)地揚塵管控(kong)措施(shi)，加(jia)強(qiang)道(dao)路機(ji)掃。依法嚴禁秸稈露(lu)天(tian)焚(fen)燒，全(quan)面(mian)推進綜合利用。到(dao)2020年，地級及(ji)以上(shang)城(cheng)市(shi)重污(wu)(wu)染天(tian)數比(bi)2015年減(jian)少(shao)25%。
七、著力打好碧水保衛戰
深入(ru)實施水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)防治行動計劃(hua)，扎實推進(jin)河長(chang)制湖長(chang)制，堅持(chi)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)減(jian)排和生(sheng)(sheng)態擴容兩手發力，加快工業(ye)、農業(ye)、生(sheng)(sheng)活污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源和水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)態系統整治，保障飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)安全(quan)，消除城市(shi)黑(hei)臭水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)，減(jian)少污(wu)染(ran)(ran)嚴重水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)和不達標水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)。
（一(yi)）打好水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)地(di)保護(hu)攻堅戰。加(jia)強(qiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、出廠水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、管(guan)網(wang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、末梢(shao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的全過程(cheng)管(guan)理。劃定(ding)集(ji)中式(shi)飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)保護(hu)區，推進(jin)規范化(hua)建設(she)。強(qiang)化(hua)南水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)北調水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)地(di)及沿線生(sheng)態環境保護(hu)。深化(hua)地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)污染防治。全面排查和整治縣級及以上城(cheng)(cheng)市水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)保護(hu)區內的違法違規問題，長江經濟帶于(yu)2018年(nian)年(nian)底前(qian)、其(qi)他地(di)區于(yu)2019年(nian)年(nian)底前(qian)完成(cheng)。單(dan)(dan)一(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的地(di)級及以上城(cheng)(cheng)市應當建設(she)應急水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)或(huo)備用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)。定(ding)期(qi)監（檢）測、評估集(ji)中式(shi)飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)、供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)單(dan)(dan)位供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和用戶水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)龍頭水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質狀況，縣級及以上城(cheng)(cheng)市至少每季度向社會公開(kai)一(yi)次。
（二）打(da)好城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)黑臭水(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)治(zhi)理(li)(li)攻堅戰。實(shi)施城(cheng)鎮(zhen)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)“提質(zhi)增效”三年(nian)行動，加快補齊城(cheng)鎮(zhen)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)收集和(he)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)設(she)施短板，盡快實(shi)現污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管網全覆蓋、全收集、全處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)。完善污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)收費(fei)政策，各地要按規(gui)定將污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)收費(fei)標準盡快調整到位，原則上應補償到污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)和(he)污(wu)泥處(chu)(chu)(chu)置設(she)施正常運營(ying)并(bing)合理(li)(li)盈利。對中西部地區(qu)，中央(yang)財政給予適當(dang)支持(chi)。加強城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)初(chu)期雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)收集處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)設(she)施建設(she)，有效減少(shao)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)面源污(wu)染。到2020年(nian)，地級及(ji)以上城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)建成區(qu)黑臭水(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)消除(chu)比(bi)例達90%以上。鼓勵京津冀、長(chang)三角、珠三角區(qu)域城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)建成區(qu)盡早全面消除(chu)黑臭水(shui)(shui)(shui)體(ti)。
（三）打(da)好長(chang)江(jiang)保(bao)護(hu)修復(fu)攻堅戰(zhan)。開展長(chang)江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態隱患(huan)和環(huan)境(jing)風(feng)(feng)險調(diao)查評估，劃定高風(feng)(feng)險區域(yu)，從嚴(yan)實施(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)風(feng)(feng)險防控措施(shi)。優化長(chang)江(jiang)經(jing)濟(ji)帶產(chan)業布(bu)局和規(gui)模，嚴(yan)禁污(wu)染(ran)型產(chan)業、企業向上(shang)中(zhong)游(you)地區轉(zhuan)移。排(pai)查整治(zhi)入河入湖(hu)排(pai)污(wu)口(kou)(kou)及不達標水(shui)(shui)體，市、縣級政府(fu)制(zhi)定實施(shi)不達標水(shui)(shui)體限期達標規(gui)劃。到2020年(nian)，長(chang)江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)基本(ben)消除劣(lie)Ⅴ類(lei)水(shui)(shui)體。強化船舶(bo)和港口(kou)(kou)污(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)，現有船舶(bo)到2020年(nian)全部完成(cheng)達標改造(zao)，港口(kou)(kou)、船舶(bo)修造(zao)廠環(huan)衛設(she)施(shi)、污(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)設(she)施(shi)納(na)入城市設(she)施(shi)建(jian)設(she)規(gui)劃。加強沿河環(huan)湖(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態保(bao)護(hu)，修復(fu)濕(shi)地等水(shui)(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系統，因地制(zhi)宜(yi)建(jian)設(she)人(ren)工濕(shi)地水(shui)(shui)質凈(jing)化工程。實施(shi)長(chang)江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)上(shang)中(zhong)游(you)水(shui)(shui)庫群聯合(he)調(diao)度，保(bao)障干(gan)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)、主要支流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)和湖(hu)泊基本(ben)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態用水(shui)(shui)。
（四）打好渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)綜合治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)攻(gong)堅戰(zhan)。以渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)區的渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)灣(wan)、遼東灣(wan)、萊州灣(wan)、遼河(he)(he)(he)口(kou)、黃河(he)(he)(he)口(kou)等(deng)為(wei)重點，推動河(he)(he)(he)口(kou)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)灣(wan)綜合整(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)。全面整(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)(zhi)入海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)，規范(fan)入海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)排污(wu)口(kou)設(she)置，全部(bu)清理(li)(li)非法(fa)排污(wu)口(kou)。嚴(yan)格控制海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)水養殖等(deng)造成的海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上污(wu)染(ran)，推進海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋垃(la)圾防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)和(he)清理(li)(li)。率(lv)先在渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)實施主要污(wu)染(ran)物排海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)總量(liang)(liang)控制制度，強(qiang)化(hua)陸海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)污(wu)染(ran)聯防(fang)聯控，加強(qiang)入海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)與監管(guan)。實施最嚴(yan)格的圍填海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)和(he)岸(an)線開發管(guan)控，統籌安排海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋空間利用活(huo)動。渤(bo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)禁(jin)止審批新(xin)增圍填海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)項(xiang)目，引導(dao)符合國家產業政策(ce)的項(xiang)目消化(hua)存量(liang)(liang)圍填海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)資源(yuan)，已審批但未開工的項(xiang)目要依法(fa)重新(xin)進行(xing)評(ping)估(gu)和(he)清理(li)(li)。
（五）打好農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村污(wu)染治(zhi)理攻堅(jian)戰(zhan)。以建設美麗宜居(ju)村莊為導向，持續開展農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村人居(ju)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)整(zheng)治(zhi)行動，實現(xian)全(quan)國行政村環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)整(zheng)治(zhi)全(quan)覆蓋。到(dao)2020年，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村人居(ju)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)明顯改善(shan)，村莊環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)基本干(gan)凈整(zheng)潔(jie)有序，東部(bu)地區(qu)、中(zhong)西(xi)部(bu)城(cheng)市近(jin)郊區(qu)等有基礎(chu)、有條(tiao)件的(de)地區(qu)人居(ju)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)質量全(quan)面提升，管護長效機制(zhi)初步建立；中(zhong)西(xi)部(bu)有較(jiao)好基礎(chu)、基本具備(bei)條(tiao)件的(de)地區(qu)力爭實現(xian)90%左右(you)的(de)村莊生活(huo)垃圾得(de)到(dao)治(zhi)理，衛生廁所普(pu)及(ji)率達(da)到(dao)85%左右(you)，生活(huo)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)亂排亂放得(de)到(dao)管控。減(jian)少(shao)化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使用(yong)量，制(zhi)修訂并嚴格執行化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)等農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)投入品質量標準，嚴格控制(zhi)高毒高風險農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使用(yong)，推進有機肥(fei)(fei)替(ti)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)、病蟲(chong)害綠色防(fang)控替(ti)代(dai)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)防(fang)治(zhi)和廢棄(qi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)膜回(hui)收(shou)，完(wan)善(shan)廢舊地膜和包裝廢棄(qi)物等回(hui)收(shou)處(chu)理制(zhi)度。到(dao)2020年，化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使用(yong)量實現(xian)零增長。堅(jian)持種植和養(yang)殖(zhi)相結(jie)合，就地就近(jin)消納(na)利(li)(li)用(yong)畜禽養(yang)殖(zhi)廢棄(qi)物。合理布局(ju)水(shui)(shui)產養(yang)殖(zhi)空間(jian)，深入推進水(shui)(shui)產健(jian)康養(yang)殖(zhi)，開展重點江河(he)湖庫及(ji)重點近(jin)岸(an)海域破壞生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)的(de)養(yang)殖(zhi)方(fang)式(shi)綜(zong)合整(zheng)治(zhi)。到(dao)2020年，全(quan)國畜禽糞污(wu)綜(zong)合利(li)(li)用(yong)率達(da)到(dao)75%以上(shang)，規模養(yang)殖(zhi)場糞污(wu)處(chu)理設施裝備(bei)配(pei)套率達(da)到(dao)95%以上(shang)。
八、扎實推進凈土保衛戰
全面實施(shi)土壤污(wu)染防治行(xing)(xing)動計劃(hua)，突出重(zhong)點區域、行(xing)(xing)業(ye)和污(wu)染物，有效管控農用地(di)和城市建設用地(di)土壤環境風(feng)險。
（一）強化土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)污(wu)染管(guan)(guan)控(kong)和(he)修復。加(jia)強耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)環(huan)(huan)境分類(lei)管(guan)(guan)理。嚴格管(guan)(guan)控(kong)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)度(du)污(wu)染耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)，嚴禁在重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)度(du)污(wu)染耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)種植食用(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)產品。實施(shi)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)環(huan)(huan)境治理保護重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，開(kai)展重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)涉重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)金屬行(xing)業(ye)排(pai)查(cha)和(he)整治。2018年年底(di)(di)前(qian)，完(wan)成(cheng)農(nong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)污(wu)染狀況(kuang)詳查(cha)。2020年年底(di)(di)前(qian)，編制完(wan)成(cheng)耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)環(huan)(huan)境質量分類(lei)清(qing)單。建立(li)建設(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)污(wu)染風險(xian)管(guan)(guan)控(kong)和(he)修復名(ming)(ming)錄(lu)，列(lie)入名(ming)(ming)錄(lu)且(qie)未完(wan)成(cheng)治理修復的(de)地(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)不(bu)得(de)作(zuo)為住宅、公共(gong)管(guan)(guan)理與公共(gong)服務(wu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)。建立(li)污(wu)染地(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)聯動(dong)(dong)監(jian)管(guan)(guan)機制，將建設(she)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)環(huan)(huan)境管(guan)(guan)理要求納入用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)規(gui)劃和(he)供地(di)(di)(di)管(guan)(guan)理，嚴格控(kong)制用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)準入，強化暫不(bu)開(kai)發污(wu)染地(di)(di)(di)塊(kuai)的(de)風險(xian)管(guan)(guan)控(kong)。2020年年底(di)(di)前(qian)，完(wan)成(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點行(xing)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)污(wu)染狀況(kuang)調查(cha)。嚴格土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)污(wu)染重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點行(xing)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)搬遷改造(zao)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)拆除(chu)活動(dong)(dong)的(de)環(huan)(huan)境監(jian)管(guan)(guan)。
（二）加快推進(jin)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)處(chu)理(li)。到2020年，實現(xian)所(suo)有城市和縣城生活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)處(chu)理(li)能力(li)全(quan)覆(fu)蓋，基本完成(cheng)非正(zheng)規(gui)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)堆放點整治(zhi)；直(zhi)轄市、計劃單列市、省會城市和第一批分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)示范城市基本建成(cheng)生活(huo)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)處(chu)理(li)系統。推進(jin)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)資源化(hua)利用(yong)，大力(li)發展垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)焚(fen)燒發電(dian)。推進(jin)農(nong)村垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)(ji)就地(di)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)(lei)、資源化(hua)利用(yong)和處(chu)理(li)，建立農(nong)村有機廢棄物收集、轉化(hua)、利用(yong)網絡體系。
（三(san)）強(qiang)化(hua)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)污染防治。全面禁止洋(yang)垃圾入(ru)境，嚴厲打擊(ji)走私，大幅減少(shao)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進口種類和(he)數量，力(li)爭(zheng)2020年(nian)年(nian)底前基本實現(xian)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)零進口。開展“無廢(fei)城市(shi)”試點(dian)，推動(dong)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資(zi)源化(hua)利(li)用。調查、評估(gu)重點(dian)工業行業危(wei)險廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)產生、貯存、利(li)用、處(chu)置(zhi)情況。完善危(wei)險廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)經營許(xu)可、轉(zhuan)移等(deng)管理(li)制度，建(jian)立信息化(hua)監管體(ti)系，提升危(wei)險廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)處(chu)理(li)處(chu)置(zhi)能力(li)，實施全過程監管。嚴厲打擊(ji)危(wei)險廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)非法跨界轉(zhuan)移、傾(qing)倒(dao)等(deng)違(wei)法犯罪活動(dong)。深(shen)入(ru)推進長江經濟(ji)帶固(gu)(gu)體(ti)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)大排查活動(dong)。評估(gu)有毒有害化(hua)學品(pin)在生態環境中的風險狀況，嚴格限制高風險化(hua)學品(pin)生產、使(shi)用、進出口，并逐步(bu)淘汰(tai)、替(ti)代(dai)。
九、加快生態保護與修復
堅持自(zi)然恢復為(wei)主，統籌(chou)開展全(quan)國生(sheng)態保護與(yu)修復，全(quan)面劃定(ding)并嚴守(shou)生(sheng)態保護紅線，提升生(sheng)態系(xi)統質量(liang)和(he)穩定(ding)性。
（一(yi)(yi)）劃(hua)定(ding)(ding)并(bing)嚴守生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)。按照應(ying)保(bao)(bao)(bao)盡保(bao)(bao)(bao)、應(ying)劃(hua)盡劃(hua)的(de)原則(ze)，將(jiang)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)功(gong)能重(zhong)要區(qu)域、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境敏感脆弱區(qu)域納入生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)。到2020年(nian)，全面完成全國生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)劃(hua)定(ding)(ding)、勘界(jie)定(ding)(ding)標(biao)，形成生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)全國“一(yi)(yi)張圖”，實現一(yi)(yi)條紅(hong)線(xian)管控重(zhong)要生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)空間。制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)實施生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)管理辦(ban)法、保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)修復方案，建設國家生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)監管平臺，開展生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅(hong)線(xian)監測預警(jing)與評估(gu)考核。
（二）堅(jian)決查處(chu)生態破壞行為。2018年年底前，縣級(ji)及以上地方政府全面排查違(wei)法違(wei)規擠占生態空間、破壞自(zi)然遺跡等(deng)行為，制定治理(li)和修復(fu)計(ji)劃并向社(she)會公開。開展病危(wei)險尾礦庫和“頭頂(ding)庫”專(zhuan)項整治。持續開展“綠盾”自(zi)然保護區監督檢(jian)查專(zhuan)項行動(dong)，嚴(yan)肅查處(chu)各類違(wei)法違(wei)規行為，限期進行整治修復(fu)。
（三）建(jian)立(li)以國(guo)家公園為主體的自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護地(di)體系。到2020年，完成全(quan)國(guo)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區(qu)范圍界限核準和勘界立(li)標，整合(he)設立(li)一批國(guo)家公園，自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護地(di)相關法規和管(guan)理(li)(li)制度(du)(du)基本建(jian)立(li)。對(dui)生態(tai)嚴重退化(hua)地(di)區(qu)實行(xing)封(feng)禁管(guan)理(li)(li)，穩步實施退耕還(huan)林(lin)還(huan)草(cao)(cao)和退牧(mu)(mu)還(huan)草(cao)(cao)，擴(kuo)大輪作休耕試點，全(quan)面(mian)推(tui)行(xing)草(cao)(cao)原(yuan)禁牧(mu)(mu)休牧(mu)(mu)和草(cao)(cao)畜平衡制度(du)(du)。依(yi)法依(yi)規解決(jue)自(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護地(di)內的礦業權合(he)理(li)(li)退出(chu)問(wen)題。全(quan)面(mian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護天然(ran)(ran)林(lin)，推(tui)進(jin)荒漠化(hua)、石漠化(hua)、水土流失綜合(he)治理(li)(li)，強(qiang)化(hua)濕地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護和恢(hui)復(fu)。加強(qiang)休漁(yu)禁漁(yu)管(guan)理(li)(li)，推(tui)進(jin)長江、渤海等重點水域禁捕限捕，加強(qiang)海洋(yang)牧(mu)(mu)場建(jian)設，加大漁(yu)業資源增(zeng)殖放流。推(tui)動耕地(di)草(cao)(cao)原(yuan)森林(lin)河流湖(hu)泊(bo)海洋(yang)休養生息(xi)。
十、改革完善生態環境治理體系
深化生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境保(bao)護管理(li)體制改革，完善(shan)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境管理(li)制度(du)，加快構建生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環境治理(li)體系，健全保(bao)障舉(ju)措，增強系統(tong)性和完整性，大幅提升治理(li)能力。
（一(yi)(yi)）完(wan)善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)體系(xi)。整合(he)分(fen)散(san)的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)職責，強(qiang)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)修復和污染防(fang)治(zhi)統一(yi)(yi)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)，建(jian)(jian)立(li)健(jian)全生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)領導和管(guan)理(li)體制(zhi)(zhi)、激勵約束并舉(ju)的制(zhi)(zhi)度體系(xi)、政府(fu)企業公(gong)眾(zhong)共治(zhi)體系(xi)。全面完(wan)成省(sheng)以下生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構監(jian)(jian)測(ce)監(jian)(jian)察執(zhi)法(fa)垂直(zhi)管(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度改革，推進綜合(he)執(zhi)法(fa)隊伍特別是基層隊伍的能(neng)力建(jian)(jian)設。完(wan)善(shan)農村環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)理(li)體制(zhi)(zhi)。健(jian)全區域(yu)(yu)(yu)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)海(hai)域(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)管(guan)理(li)體制(zhi)(zhi)，推進跨地(di)區環(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構試點，加(jia)快(kuai)組建(jian)(jian)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)執(zhi)法(fa)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構，按海(hai)域(yu)(yu)(yu)設置監(jian)(jian)管(guan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構。建(jian)(jian)立(li)獨(du)立(li)權威高效的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)體系(xi)，構建(jian)(jian)天地(di)一(yi)(yi)體化(hua)的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)網絡，實(shi)現(xian)國家和區域(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量預報預警和質控，按照適度上收生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量監(jian)(jian)測(ce)事權的要求加(jia)快(kuai)推進有關工作。省(sheng)級黨委和政府(fu)加(jia)快(kuai)確定生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅線、環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量底線、資源利用上線，制(zhi)(zhi)定生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)準(zhun)入清單，在(zai)地(di)方(fang)立(li)法(fa)、政策制(zhi)(zhi)定、規劃(hua)編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)、執(zhi)法(fa)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)中不(bu)得變通突破、降低標(biao)準(zhun)，不(bu)符合(he)不(bu)銜接不(bu)適應的于2020年(nian)年(nian)底前(qian)完(wan)成調整。實(shi)施生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)統一(yi)(yi)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)。推行生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)損害賠(pei)償制(zhi)(zhi)度。編(bian)制(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)規劃(hua)，開展全國生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)狀(zhuang)況評估，建(jian)(jian)立(li)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)綜合(he)監(jian)(jian)控平臺。推動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明示范創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)、綠水(shui)青山(shan)就是金山(shan)銀(yin)山(shan)實(shi)踐創(chuang)新基地(di)建(jian)(jian)設活動(dong)。
嚴格(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境質(zhi)量管(guan)(guan)理。生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境質(zhi)量只(zhi)能更好、不(bu)能變壞(huai)。生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境質(zhi)量達標地(di)區要保(bao)持穩定(ding)并持續改善；生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境質(zhi)量不(bu)達標地(di)區的(de)市、縣級政(zheng)府，要于2018年(nian)年(nian)底前(qian)制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)實施(shi)限(xian)期達標規劃，向上(shang)級政(zheng)府備案并向社會(hui)公(gong)(gong)開。加快推行排(pai)(pai)污(wu)許(xu)可制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)，對(dui)(dui)固(gu)定(ding)污(wu)染源(yuan)(yuan)實施(shi)全過(guo)程管(guan)(guan)理和(he)多污(wu)染物(wu)協同控制(zhi)(zhi)，按行業(ye)(ye)(ye)、地(di)區、時(shi)限(xian)核(he)發(fa)排(pai)(pai)污(wu)許(xu)可證，全面落實企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)治污(wu)責任，強(qiang)化證后監管(guan)(guan)和(he)處罰(fa)。在長江經濟(ji)帶率先實施(shi)入(ru)河污(wu)染源(yuan)(yuan)排(pai)(pai)放、排(pai)(pai)污(wu)口排(pai)(pai)放和(he)水(shui)體水(shui)質(zhi)聯動管(guan)(guan)理。2020年(nian)，將(jiang)排(pai)(pai)污(wu)許(xu)可證制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)建(jian)設成為固(gu)定(ding)源(yuan)(yuan)環(huan)境管(guan)(guan)理核(he)心制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)，實現“一證式”管(guan)(guan)理。健全環(huan)保(bao)信(xin)(xin)(xin)用(yong)評(ping)價、信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)強(qiang)制(zhi)(zhi)性披露、嚴懲(cheng)重罰(fa)等制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)。將(jiang)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)環(huan)境信(xin)(xin)(xin)用(yong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)納(na)入(ru)全國(guo)信(xin)(xin)(xin)用(yong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)共享(xiang)平臺和(he)國(guo)家企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)(xin)(xin)用(yong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)公(gong)(gong)示(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，依法(fa)通(tong)過(guo)“信(xin)(xin)(xin)用(yong)中(zhong)國(guo)”網站和(he)國(guo)家企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)(xin)(xin)用(yong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)公(gong)(gong)示(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)向社會(hui)公(gong)(gong)示(shi)。監督上(shang)市公(gong)(gong)司、發(fa)債企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)等市場主體全面、及時(shi)、準確地(di)披露環(huan)境信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)。建(jian)立跨部門聯合獎懲(cheng)機制(zhi)(zhi)。完善國(guo)家核(he)安(an)全工作協調機制(zhi)(zhi)，強(qiang)化對(dui)(dui)核(he)安(an)全工作的(de)統(tong)籌。
（二）健全生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)經濟政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)體系。資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)投(tou)(tou)入向污(wu)(wu)染防治(zhi)攻堅(jian)(jian)戰傾斜，堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)(chi)投(tou)(tou)入同(tong)(tong)(tong)攻堅(jian)(jian)任(ren)務(wu)相匹配，加大(da)(da)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)投(tou)(tou)入力度(du)。逐(zhu)步建(jian)立常態(tai)(tai)(tai)化(hua)、穩定的(de)(de)(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)投(tou)(tou)入機制(zhi)。擴大(da)(da)中(zhong)央(yang)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)北方(fang)地區(qu)清潔取(qu)暖的(de)(de)(de)(de)試點(dian)城市范(fan)圍(wei)，國(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)要(yao)(yao)加大(da)(da)對(dui)污(wu)(wu)染防治(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)(tou)入。完(wan)善居民取(qu)暖用氣用電定價(jia)機制(zhi)和(he)補貼政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。增加中(zhong)央(yang)財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)對(dui)國(guo)(guo)家重(zhong)點(dian)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)功(gong)能區(qu)、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)紅線區(qu)域(yu)等(deng)(deng)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)功(gong)能重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)地區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)轉移支(zhi)(zhi)付，繼(ji)續(xu)安排中(zhong)央(yang)預算內投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)對(dui)重(zhong)點(dian)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)功(gong)能區(qu)給予支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)。各省（自治(zhi)區(qu)、直轄(xia)市）合(he)理(li)(li)確定補償標準(zhun)，并逐(zhu)步提高補償水平(ping)。完(wan)善助(zhu)力綠色(se)產業發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)格、財(cai)(cai)稅(shui)、投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)等(deng)(deng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。大(da)(da)力發(fa)展綠色(se)信(xin)貸、綠色(se)債券等(deng)(deng)金(jin)融產品。設立國(guo)(guo)家綠色(se)發(fa)展基金(jin)。落實(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)利于資(zi)(zi)(zi)源節約和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)格政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，落實(shi)(shi)相關稅(shui)收優惠政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。研(yan)(yan)究對(dui)從事污(wu)(wu)染防治(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)第(di)三方(fang)企業比照高新技術企業實(shi)(shi)行(xing)所得稅(shui)優惠政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)，研(yan)(yan)究出臺(tai)“散亂污(wu)(wu)”企業綜合(he)治(zhi)理(li)(li)激(ji)勵政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)。推(tui)動環(huan)(huan)境(jing)污(wu)(wu)染責任(ren)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)發(fa)展，在環(huan)(huan)境(jing)高風險(xian)領域(yu)建(jian)立環(huan)(huan)境(jing)污(wu)(wu)染強制(zhi)責任(ren)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)制(zhi)度(du)。推(tui)進社會(hui)化(hua)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)理(li)(li)和(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)。采用直接(jie)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)、投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)補助(zhu)、運營補貼等(deng)(deng)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)，規范(fan)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)和(he)社會(hui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)合(he)作項(xiang)目；對(dui)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)實(shi)(shi)施的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)績(ji)(ji)效合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)服務(wu)項(xiang)目，公共財(cai)(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)支(zhi)(zhi)付水平(ping)同(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)理(li)(li)績(ji)(ji)效掛鉤。鼓(gu)勵通(tong)過政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)購(gou)買服務(wu)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)施生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)理(li)(li)和(he)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)。
（三）健全生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治體系(xi)。依靠法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)，增強(qiang)全社會生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治意識。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)建(jian)立(li)綠色生(sheng)產消(xiao)費的(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律制(zhi)度(du)(du)和(he)(he)政(zheng)策導向。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)制(zhi)定和(he)(he)修改(gai)土壤污染防治、固體廢物污染防治、長(chang)江生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、海(hai)洋環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、國家公園、濕(shi)地、生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)監測(ce)、排(pai)污許可、資源綜合(he)(he)利用、空(kong)間規劃、碳排(pai)放權交(jiao)易管理等方(fang)面的(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規。鼓勵地方(fang)在生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)領域先(xian)于國家進行(xing)立(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。建(jian)立(li)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)綜合(he)(he)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關、公安機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關、檢察機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關、審判機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)關信(xin)息(xi)共享、案情通報、案件移送制(zhi)度(du)(du)，完善生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)領域民事(shi)、行(xing)政(zheng)公益訴訟(song)制(zhi)度(du)(du)，加(jia)(jia)大(da)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)犯罪(zui)行(xing)為的(de)(de)制(zhi)裁和(he)(he)懲處(chu)力度(du)(du)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)涉(she)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)力量(liang)建(jian)設(she)。整合(he)(he)組建(jian)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)綜合(he)(he)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)隊(dui)伍，統一實(shi)行(xing)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。將生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)綜合(he)(he)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構列入政(zheng)府(fu)行(xing)政(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構序列，推(tui)進執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規范化建(jian)設(she)，統一著裝、統一標(biao)識、統一證件、統一保(bao)(bao)(bao)障執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)用車和(he)(he)裝備。
（四）強(qiang)化生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)障體系(xi)(xi)。增強(qiang)科(ke)技支撐，開展(zhan)(zhan)大氣污(wu)染(ran)成(cheng)因與治(zhi)理、水體污(wu)染(ran)控制與治(zhi)理、土壤(rang)污(wu)染(ran)防治(zhi)等重(zhong)(zhong)點領域科(ke)技攻關，實施(shi)京津冀環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)綜(zong)合治(zhi)理重(zhong)(zhong)大項目，推進區(qu)(qu)域性(xing)、流(liu)域性(xing)生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)問(wen)題研(yan)究(jiu)。完(wan)成(cheng)第二次全(quan)(quan)國(guo)污(wu)染(ran)源普查。開展(zhan)(zhan)大數據(ju)應(ying)(ying)用和環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)承載(zai)力(li)(li)監測預(yu)警。開展(zhan)(zhan)重(zhong)(zhong)點區(qu)(qu)域、流(liu)域、行業(ye)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與健康調查，建(jian)立(li)(li)風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)監測網絡及風(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)評估體系(xi)(xi)。健全(quan)(quan)跨部(bu)門、跨區(qu)(qu)域環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)協調聯動機制，建(jian)立(li)(li)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)統一的環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)預(yu)案電子備(bei)(bei)案系(xi)(xi)統。國(guo)家建(jian)立(li)(li)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)物資(zi)儲備(bei)(bei)信息庫(ku)(ku)，省(sheng)、市級(ji)政府建(jian)設環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)物資(zi)儲備(bei)(bei)庫(ku)(ku)，企業(ye)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)裝備(bei)(bei)和儲備(bei)(bei)物資(zi)應(ying)(ying)納入儲備(bei)(bei)體系(xi)(xi)。落實全(quan)(quan)面從嚴(yan)治(zhi)黨要(yao)求，建(jian)設規范化、標準化、專(zhuan)業(ye)化的生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護人才隊伍，打造政治(zhi)強(qiang)、本領高、作(zuo)風(feng)(feng)(feng)硬、敢擔當，特別(bie)(bie)能(neng)(neng)吃苦、特別(bie)(bie)能(neng)(neng)戰(zhan)斗(dou)、特別(bie)(bie)能(neng)(neng)奉獻的生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護鐵軍。按省(sheng)、市、縣、鄉不同(tong)層級(ji)工作(zuo)職責配備(bei)(bei)相應(ying)(ying)工作(zuo)力(li)(li)量(liang)，保(bao)(bao)障履職需要(yao)，確保(bao)(bao)同(tong)生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護任(ren)務相匹配。加強(qiang)國(guo)際(ji)交流(liu)和履約能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設，推進生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)(bao)護國(guo)際(ji)技術交流(liu)和務實合作(zuo)，支撐核(he)安全(quan)(quan)和核(he)電共同(tong)走出去(qu)，積極推動落實2030年可持續發展(zhan)(zhan)議程和綠色“一帶一路”建(jian)設。
（五）構(gou)建生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護社會(hui)行(xing)動(dong)體(ti)系。把生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護納(na)入(ru)(ru)國民教育(yu)體(ti)系和黨(dang)(dang)政領導干部(bu)培訓體(ti)系，推進國家及(ji)各(ge)(ge)地生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)教育(yu)設(she)施(shi)和場所建設(she)，培育(yu)普及(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文化。公(gong)共機(ji)(ji)構(gou)尤其(qi)是黨(dang)(dang)政機(ji)(ji)關(guan)帶(dai)頭(tou)使用(yong)節(jie)能環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)產品(pin)，推行(xing)綠色(se)辦(ban)公(gong)，創建節(jie)約型機(ji)(ji)關(guan)。健全生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)新聞發布機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，充分發揮各(ge)(ge)類(lei)媒體(ti)作(zuo)用(yong)。省(sheng)、市兩(liang)級要(yao)依托黨(dang)(dang)報、電視(shi)臺(tai)、政府(fu)(fu)網(wang)(wang)站，曝光突出環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)問題，報道整(zheng)改進展情況。建立政府(fu)(fu)、企(qi)業環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)社會(hui)風險預防與化解機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)。完(wan)善環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)信息(xi)公(gong)開(kai)制(zhi)度，加強重特大突發環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)事件(jian)信息(xi)公(gong)開(kai)，對涉及(ji)群眾(zhong)切身利益的重大項目及(ji)時主動(dong)公(gong)開(kai)。2020年年底(di)前(qian)，地級及(ji)以上城(cheng)市符合條(tiao)件(jian)的環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)設(she)施(shi)和城(cheng)市污水(shui)垃(la)圾(ji)處(chu)理設(she)施(shi)向社會(hui)開(kai)放，接受公(gong)眾(zhong)參觀。強化排(pai)(pai)污者(zhe)主體(ti)責(ze)任，企(qi)業應嚴格守(shou)法，規范自(zi)身環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)行(xing)為，落實(shi)(shi)資金(jin)(jin)投入(ru)(ru)、物資保(bao)障、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護措施(shi)和應急處(chu)置主體(ti)責(ze)任。實(shi)(shi)施(shi)工(gong)業污染源全面達(da)標(biao)排(pai)(pai)放計劃。2018年年底(di)前(qian)，重點排(pai)(pai)污單(dan)位全部(bu)安裝自(zi)動(dong)在線監(jian)(jian)控設(she)備并(bing)同生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)主管(guan)部(bu)門聯網(wang)(wang)，依法公(gong)開(kai)排(pai)(pai)污信息(xi)。到2020年，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)長江經(jing)濟(ji)帶(dai)入(ru)(ru)河排(pai)(pai)污口監(jian)(jian)測(ce)全覆蓋(gai)，并(bing)將監(jian)(jian)測(ce)數據(ju)納(na)入(ru)(ru)長江經(jing)濟(ji)帶(dai)綜合信息(xi)平臺(tai)。推動(dong)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)社會(hui)組(zu)織(zhi)和志(zhi)愿者(zhe)隊(dui)伍規范健康發展，引導環(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)社會(hui)組(zu)織(zhi)依法開(kai)展生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)護公(gong)益訴(su)訟等活動(dong)。按照國家有(you)關(guan)規定表彰對保(bao)護和改善生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)有(you)顯著成績的單(dan)位和個人(ren)。完(wan)善公(gong)眾(zhong)監(jian)(jian)督、舉(ju)報反饋機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)，保(bao)護舉(ju)報人(ren)的合法權益，鼓(gu)勵設(she)立有(you)獎舉(ju)報基金(jin)(jin)。
新思(si)(si)想引領新時代，新使命開(kai)啟新征(zheng)程。讓我們更(geng)加(jia)(jia)緊密地團(tuan)結在以習近平同志為(wei)核心的(de)黨中(zhong)央周圍，以習近平新時代中(zhong)國特色社會(hui)主義思(si)(si)想為(wei)指導，不(bu)忘(wang)初心、牢記使命，銳意進取、勇(yong)于擔當，全面加(jia)(jia)強生態環境(jing)保(bao)護，堅決打好污染防治攻堅戰(zhan)，為(wei)決勝全面建成小(xiao)康社會(hui)、實現(xian)中(zhong)華民族偉(wei)大復興的(de)中(zhong)國夢(meng)不(bu)懈奮(fen)斗(dou)。
